They are factories scattered randomly around the map; they can be taken by alliances by building an alliance fortress within the scope of chip factories and then by placing a flag to take over the factory.

You can choose the flag by clicking on "Alliance" and then on the "Alliance territory" option. You will find an "Alliance flag" option; click on it and choose your flag.

After that, you can demolish the fortress so you can take over other factories.

Please note that commanders from other alliances can attack and destroy the flag, which you will need to have the necessary resources to rebuild.

By adding the "Chip factories" to the alliance's region, you will have red, green, and blue chips and resources for the alliance.

These chips can be used by the alliance's captain to upgrade the alliance's level.